Hence the correct option is c

Raman lives on even numbered floor.

Hence the correct option is b

Hence the correct option is b

Hence the correct option is a

Hence the correct option is b

Hence the correct option is c

Hence the correct option is c

The interchanged word would be like RTNAPSROATITNO. The fifth letter from the right is T.

The letter at the seventh place is L from the right. As it is in the even place from the left(6th from the left, series starting from I) it will be changed by next letter i.e. K
Hence the correct option is d

Hence the correct option is b

Hence the correct option is a

Hence the correct option is d

Hence the correct option is d

Hence the correct option is d

Hence the correct option is c

Hence the correct option is c

Hence the correct option is d

The sequence is -2 +4 -2 +4. So the correct answer is (b)

Hence the correct option is c

a is the right answer.

Hence the correct option is a

Bank is the land beside a river.  Similarly, coast is the land beside a sea.
Hence the correct option is a

Hence the correct option is b

As badminton is called volleyball, so c is the answer.

In the years 2014, 2015 and 2018, the sales, expenses and profits of the company increased or decreased in unison.
Hence the correct option is b

In the years 2014, 2015, 2017 and 2018, the sales, expenses and profits of the company increased or decreased in unison.
Hence the correct option is d

Hence the correct option is b

Even for the minimum possible value i.e. when x = 1.5y, we can see that the profit is the highest in the year 2018. For any higher value of sales also the profit is going to be the highest in 2018.
Hence the correct option is c

The monthly savings is 72000/12=6000 and the total monthly income= 1,80,000/12=15000.

Monthly rent= 20% of 15000= 3000
Hence the correct option is c

Required difference= 6000-3000=3000

Total income of Manyata= 1,80,000. Total expenditure on rent and electricity= 35% of 1,80,000= 63000.

Total monthly income of Sartaj= 150*63000/100= 94500/12= 7875
Hence the correct option is d

Hence the correct option is a

Total annual expenditure= 1,80,000-72000= 108000

Total expenditure on education= 25% of 1,80,000= 45000

Required difference = 1,08,000-45000= 63000
Hence the correct option is d

Hence the correct option is b

Hence the correct option is d

Hence the correct option is b

Hence the correct option is c

Let the number be 100, then the correct answer= 2000

The incorrect answer that was obtained = 100/20=5

The required %= 5/2000*100= 0.25%
Hence the correct option is b

Hence the correct option is d

Hence the correct option is a

Explanation
SWAYAM (meaning ‘Self’) is a Sanskrit acronym that stands for “Study Webs of Active-Learning for Young Aspiring Minds” is an Indian Massive open online course (MOOC) platform. SWAYAM is an initiative launched by the then Ministry of Human Resource Development (M.H.R.D.)
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
UAE starts up Arab world’s first nuclear plant. The United Arab Emirates has launched operations at the Arab world’s first nuclear power plant, on the Gulf coast just east of Qatar.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
A ‘breath test’ used by traffic police to check drunken driving uses Potassium dichromatic-sulphuric acid.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
Emma Raducanu defeated Leylah Fernandez in the final, 6–4, 6–3 to win the women’s singles tennis title at the 2021 US Open. She became the first qualifier, male or female, to reach a major final and win a major title, as well as the first singles qualifier to reach the semifinals at the US Open.
Thus, option A is correct.

Explanation
The 2021 Nobel Peace Prize was announced by the Norwegian Nobel Committee in Oslo on 8 October 2021. Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov received the prize “for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace.”
Thus, option c is correct.

Explanation
• The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD) also known as Quad, is an Inter-governmental security forum.
• It comprises of 4 countries– India, the United States, Japan and Australia. The member countries of the Quad organise summits, exchanges the information and military drills.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
The 38th summit of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was held  at Brunei.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog has signed a Statement of Intent with the United Nations World Food Program for mainstreaming of millets and supporting India in taking lead globally in knowledge exchange using the opportunity of 2023 as International Year of Millets.
The Sol focuses on strategic and technical collaboration between NITI Aayog and WFP to strengthen climate-resilient agriculture for enhanced food and nutrition security in India.
Aim: To build resilient livelihoods for small-holder farmers and adopt the capacities to climate change and transforming food systems.

Explanation
According to a statement released by the DRDO Friday, RUDRAM is the first indigenous anti-radiation missile of the country, and has the capability of varying ranges based on launch conditions.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
The Union government has launched a new market segment, Green Day Ahead Market (GDAM), which will enable electricity generation and distribution companies to buy or sell renewable energy through open access.
Thus, option A is correct.

Explanation
Government has approved Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM-KUSUM) Scheme with an objective of increasing farmers’ income, provide reliable source for irrigation and de-dieselise the farm sector.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
•Second Schedule: Provisions relating to the emoluments, allowances, privileges of authorities such as Union Ministers, judges of Supreme Court etc.
•Fourth Schedule: Allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha to the states and the union territories.
•Eleventh Schedule: Specifies the powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats. It has 29 matters. This schedule was added by the 73rd Amendment Act of 1992.
•Twelfth Schedule: Municipalities. It has 18 matters. This schedule was added by the 74th Amendment Act of 1992.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
•The word ‘sovereign’ implies that India is neither a dependency nor a dominion of any other nation, but an independent state. There is no authority above it, and it is free to conduct its own affairs (both internal and external).
•Being a sovereign state, India can either acquire a foreign territory or cede a part of its territory in favour of a foreign state.
•A democratic polity, as stipulated in the Preamble, is based on the doctrine of popular sovereignty, that is, possession of supreme power by the people.
•The term ‘democratic’ is used in the Preamble in the broader sense embracing not only political democracy but also social and economic democracy.
•The term ‘republic’ in our Preamble indicates that India has an elected head called the president. He is elected indirectly for a fixed period of five years.
•A republic also means two more things: one, vesting of political sovereignty in the people and not in a single individual like a king; second, the absence of any privileged class and hence all public offices being opened to every citizen without any discrimination.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation:
•The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 added four new Directive Principles to the original list. They require the State:
1.To secure opportunities for healthy development of children (Article 39).
2.To promote equal justice and to provide free legal aid to the poor (Article 39 A).
3.To take steps to secure the participation of workers in the management of industries (Article 43 A).
4.To protect and improve the environment and to safeguard forests and wild life (Article 48 A).
•The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 added one more Directive Principle, which requires the State to minimise inequalities in income, status, facilities and opportunities (Article 38).
•The 97th Amendment Act of 2011 added a new Directive Principle relating to co-operative societies. It requires the state to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management of co-operative societies (Article 43B).
Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation
Sources Features Borrowed
1. Government of India Act of 1935 : Federal Scheme, Office of governor, Judiciary, Public Service Commissions, Emergency provisions and administrative details.
2. British Constitution : Parliamentary government, Rule of Law, Legislative procedure, single citizenship, cabinet system, prerogative writs, parliamentary privileges and bicameralism.
3. US Constitution : Fundamental rights, independence of judiciary, judicial review, impeachment of the president, removal of Supreme Court and high court judges and post of vice-president.
4. Irish Constitution : Directive Principles of State Policy, nomination of members to Rajya Sabha and method of election of president.
5. Canadian Constitution : Federation with a strong Centre, vesting of residuary powers in the Centre, appointment of state governors by the Centre, and advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
6. Australian Constitution : Concurrent List, freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse, and joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament.
7. Weimar Constitution of Germany : Suspension of Fundamental Rights during Emergency.
8. Soviet Constitution (USSR, now Russia) : Fundamental duties and the ideal of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble.
9. French Constitution : Republic and the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity in the Preamble. 10. South African Constitution : Procedure for amendment of the Constitution and election of members of Rajya Sabha.
11. Japanese Constitution : Procedure established by Law.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
•Banks in India are required to hold a certain proportion of their deposits in the form of cash with Reserve Bank of India. This minimum ratio is stipulated by the RBI and is known as the CRR or Cash Reserve Ratio.
•During Inflation, the banks would be required to give fewer loans in the economy and hence the RBI increases the CRR. However, the CRR is reduced when the economy is facing recession or liquidity crunch.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
•The Balance of Payment captures all the economic transactions of a country with other countries for a period of 1 year. The BoP consists of Current Account and Capital Account.
•The Current Account comprises of Imports and Exports, Remittances, profits, interest, dividends, Bilateral aid etc.
•On the other hand, the Capital Account comprises of FDI, FPI, ECBs, Loans from the multilateral institutions such as World Bank etc.
Thus, option C is correct.

• The situation wherein a plot of 2 Hectares where one farmer worked initially, but now his four sons are working on the same 2 hectares, as they have nowhere to go, is an example of Disguised unemployment.
• Each one is doing some work but no one is fully employed. This is the situation of underemployment, where people are apparently working but all of them are made to work less than their potential. This kind of underemployment is hidden in contrast to someone who does not have a job and is clearly visible as unemployed. Hence, it is also called disguised unemployment.
Thus, Option B is correct.

• Right to be informed, Right to seek redressal and Right to represent are Consumer Rights.
Thus, Option D is correct.

• Open Market Operations: This refers to buying and selling of government securities by RBI to regulate the short-term money supply. If RBI wants to induce liquidity or more funds in the system, it will buy government securities and inject funds into the system, and if it wants to curb the amount of money out there it will sell these to the banks thereby reducing the amount of cash that banks have.
Thus, Option C is correct.

Explanation
Bara is a village in Rupnagar District in Punjab, India.
Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation
National Highway 15 is the longest national highway in Punjab covering 350km in the state and connecting Pathankot, Amritsar, Tarn Taran,Faridkot and Abohar cities of Punjab, and then leads to Sri Ganganagar and Bikaner in Rajasthan.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
Meriyan Abhul Yaadan is authored by Gurbaksh Singh Preetlari.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
Rakh Sarai Amanat Khan is a village located in Gandiwind Block of Tarn Taran district in Punjab. Situated in rural area of Tarn Taran district of Punjab, it is one of the 32 villages of Gandiwind Block of Tarn Taran district. This Conservation Reserve is situated in Tarn Taran district and is spread over 1223 Acres of land. This area was declared as Conservation Reserve in 2010.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
Plateaus are flat, elevated landforms that rise sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side.
Plateaus occur on every continent and take up a third of the Earths land. The largest plateau in the world is
the Tibetan Plateau, located in central Asia. It stretches through the countries of Tibet, China, and India
and occupies an area of 2.5 million square kilometers (1.5 million square miles).
• Some of the other major plateaus of the world are
o Columbia – Snake Plateau (USA)
o Colorado Plateau (USA)
o Deccan Plateau (India)
o Kimberley Plateau (Australia)
o Mexican Plateau (Mexico)
o Laurentian Plateau (Canada)
o Bolivian Plateau (or Altiplano Plateau) (Bolivia)
o Anatolian Plateau (Turkey)
• Hence only pairs 1 and 3 are correctly matched.

Explanation
• Iberian Peninsula is in Europe. It is associated with Portugal and Spain.
Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation
• The Sabarmati river is one of the major west-flowing rivers in India. It originates in the Aravalli Range of the Udaipur District of Rajasthan and flows into the Gulf of Cambay of Arabian Sea.
Thus, option A is correct.

Explanation
• They are found on western slopes of Western Ghats
• Sal and teak are important species of deciduous forests
• They are spread along western coast of India and not along eastern coast.
Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation
• The kharif crops include rice, maize, sorghum, pearl millet/bajra, finger millet/ragi (cereals), arhar (pulses), soyabean, groundnut (oilseeds), cotton etc.
• The rabi crops include wheat, barley, oats (cereals), chickpea/gram (pulses), linseed, mustard (oilseeds) etc.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
• India is making ‘Mangdechhu hydropower project’ in Bhutan.
•The Mangdechhu project was bagged by the Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL) and it will be implemented on a bilateral basis.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation

•Natural growth rate = Births rate – death rate
•Actual growth rate = Births – Deaths + In migration – out migration
Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation
•Sirhind Canal is located in the Punjab. The system’s headworks, where it draws its water, are on the Sutlej River at Ropar, near the border of Himāchal Pradesh state.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
•The land-use categories as maintained in the Land Revenue Records are as follows:
•Forests: It is important to note that area under actual forest cover is different from area classified as forest. The latter is the area which the Government has identified and demarcated for forest growth. The land revenue records are consistent with the latter definition. Thus, there may be an increase in this category without any increase in the actual forest cover.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
•Copper is found in mainly 3 states of India
•Madhya Pradesh – Malkanganj belt of Balaghat district.
•Rajasthan – Khetri Singhana belt in Jhunjhunu
•Jharkhand – Singhbhum district.
•It is not found in the southern states of India.
Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation
•The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was founded in Baghdad, Iraq, with the signing of an agreement in September 1960 by five countries namely Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. They were to become the Founder Members of the Organization.
•These countries were later joined by Qatar, Libya, UAE, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Gabon, Angola, Equatorial Guinea and Congo. The OPEC Statute stipulates that “any country with a substantial net export of crude petroleum, which has fundamentally similar interests to those of Member Countries, may become a Full Member of the Organization, if accepted by a majority of three-fourths of Full Members, including the concurring votes of all Founder Members.”
Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation
•Three crops of rice namely Aus, aman and boro are grown in a year in west Bengal.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
•The Rhine flows through Germany and the Netherlands. It is navigable for 700 km from Rotterdam, at its mouth in the Netherlands to Basel in Switzerland. It connects the industrial areas of Switzerland, Germany, France, Belgium and the Netherlands with the North Atlantic Sea Route.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
•Beach sands of Kerala has deposits of monazite and thorium which are crucial for India’s Nuclear programme.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
The short-lived rebellion of Ahmad Khan Kharral was the only major rebellion of any sort against the British state in Punjab. While most of the emissaries coming from Delhi were intercepted, it seems some managed to reach Kharral at the end of May. The leader of the Kharral clan – settled in an area that was later called Montgomery by the British, in honour of Robert Montgomery, one of the brains behind the colonial state’s policy in Punjab during the 1857 war – Ahmad Khan Kharral was not only able to unite his people but also bring together other prominent clans of the region, including the Wattoos, Joyas, Fatianas and Sials.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
•Wholesale Price Index (WPI) measures the average change in the prices of commodities for bulk sale. The index basket of the WPI covers commodities falling under the three major groups namely Primary Articles, Fuel and Power and Manufactured products. The manufactured products under the WPI have the highest weightage, which means any increase or fall in the value of the manufactured products would have a greater impact on the WPI rate of inflation.
•However, the CPI has given the highest weightage to the Food Commodities. Hence, whenever there is decline in food prices, both WPI and CPI would decrease. However, the CPI rate of inflation would show greater decline since it assigns higher weight to the food commodities.
•The RBI has been mandated to keep the CPI rate of inflation at 4% which can either increase or decrease by 2%.
•Further, the CPI is published by the CSO, while the WPI is published by the office of Economic Advisor under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
•In scientific research, periodically, blockbuster applications with the potential to prevent and cure diseases of mankind as never before take the community by storm.
•Gene therapy, stem cell therapy and synthetic biology are some such examples. Although, backed by strong scientific evidence, applications get entangled with too many technical, ethical and environmental issues to even realise modest success.
•Gene drive technology to wipe out insects and pests is the latest addition in this category. It can potentially eliminate mosquitoes that cause malaria, dengue, Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, West Nile, sleeping sickness, Lyme and others. It also has potential to eliminate pests infecting crops in agriculture.
•Barbara McClintock got the Nobel Prize for discovering the jumping genes in maize. Transposons or jumping genes are DNA elements that move from one location to another in the genome.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
•The International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC), is a multi-modal transportation established in 2000 in St. Petersburg, by Iran, Russia and India for the purpose of promoting transportation cooperation among the Member States. This corridor connects India Ocean and Persian Gulf to the Caspian Sea via Islamic Republic of Iran, then it is connected to St. Petersburg and North European via Russian Federation.
•The INSTC was expanded to include eleven new members, namely: Republic of Azerbaijan, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Tajikistan, Republic of Turkey, Republic of Ukraine, Republic of Belarus, Oman, Syria and Bulgaria (Observer).
•The INSTC has moved closer to implementation after India decided to join International Customs Convention TIR following cabinet approval.
•INSTC transit routes enable India to bypass a hostile Pakistan by exporting goods via the sea.
•That is why India has been developing the Chabahar Port in southern Iran in a strategic bid to connect to Central Asia through Iran and Afghanistan. Chabahar provides war-torn Afghanistan a crucial link to Indian goods and Iranian oil.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
•It describe the quantity, timing, and quality of water flows required to sustain freshwater and estuarine ecosystems and the human livelihoods and well-being that depend on these ecosystems.
Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation
•The IPCC was set up in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization
(WMO) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to provide policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation.
•The assessments are policy-relevant but not policy-prescriptive: they may present projections of future climate change based on different scenarios and the risks that climate change poses and discuss the implications of response options, but they do not tell policymakers what actions to take.
•IPCC does not undertake scientific field projects, it only brings out reports which provide regular assessments of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
The Food Sustainability Index was developed in collaboration between the BCFN Foundation and the Economist Intelligence Unit, with one common objective: to promote knowledge on food sustainability.
The Food Sustainability Index is a global study on nutrition, sustainable agriculture and food waste which collects data from 67 countries across the world to highlight best practices and key areas for improvement in relation to the food paradoxes and the main Sustainable Development Goals.
Thus, option A is correct.

Explanation
The World Customs Organization (WCO), established in 1952 as the Customs Co-operation Council (CCC) is an independent intergovernmental body whose mission is to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of Customs administrations.Today, the WCO represents 182 Customs administrations across the globe that collectively process approximately 98% of world trade.
Thus, option C is correct

Explanation

The Estimates Committee is the largest committee of the parliament. It consists of 30 members, all are appointed from the Lok Sabha.

Thus, Option B is Correct.

Answer: C
Shankari Prasad case (1951):
• The question to amend Fundamental Rights by the Parliament under Article 368 came first time in this case.
• Supreme Court held that the word ‘law’ in Article 13 includes only ordinary laws and not the constitutional amendment acts (constituent laws).
• Therefore, the Parliament can abridge or take away any of the Fundamental Rights by enacting a constitutional amendment act and such a law will not be void under Article 13.
Thus, Option C is Correct.

Explanation
The correctly matched pairs are:
• Retired judge (SC): Chief Justice of India
• Acting chief justice (SC/HC) : President
• Ad hoc judge (SC): Chief Justice of India
• Additional judges (High Court): President
Thus, Option A is Correct.

Explanation

• A starred question (distinguished by an asterisk) requires an oral answer and hence supplementary questions can follow.
• An unstarred question, on the other hand, requires a written answer and hence, supplementary questions cannot follow.
• A short notice question is one that is asked by giving a notice of less than ten days. It is answered orally.

Thus, Option A is correct.

Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect: As per Article 312, The Parliament can create new all India services (including an all-India judicial service), if the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution declaring that it is necessary or expedient in the national interest to do so. Such a resolution in the Rajya Sabha should be supported by two-thirds of the members present and voting. This power of recommendation is given to the Rajya Sabha to protect the interests of states in the Indian federal system.
Statement 2 is correct: Parliament can regulate the recruitment and conditions of service of persons appointed to all-India services. Accordingly, the Parliament has enacted the All-India Services Act, 1951 for the purpose. The services known at the commencement of the Constitution (that is, January 26, 1950) as the Indian Administrative Service and the Indian Police Service are deemed to be services created by Parliament under this provision.
Thus, Option B is correct.

Explanation
There are several provisions enshrined in the Constitution to safeguard his independent function. These are:
• He is appointed by the President of India by warrant under his hand and seal and his oath of office requires him to uphold the Constitution of India and laws made there under.
• He shall hold office for a term of six years from the date on which he assumes such office, provided that where he attains the age of 65 years before the expiry of the said term of six years, he shall vacate such office on the date on which he attains the said age and that he may, at any time, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office.
• He can be removed from office only on grounds of proven misbehavior or incapacity after an address by both the Houses of Parliament supported by a two thirds majority.
• His salary and conditions of service cannot be varied to his disadvantage after appointment.
• He shall not be eligible for further office under the Government of India or of any State after retirement.
• His administrative powers and the conditions of service of persons serving in the Indian Audit and Accounts Department shall be prescribed by rules made by the President only after consulting him.
• The administrative expenses of his office are charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India and are not subject to being voted by Parliament.
The legal basis for the auditorial functions of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India is provided by the Comptroller and Auditor General’s ( Duties, Powers, and Conditions of Service) Act, 1971. Although India has a federal set up, the Constitution provides for a Unitary audit by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India, who conducts audit of the accounts of both the Union and the State Governments.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation

The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first Satyagraha movement led by Gandhi in India and is considered a historically important revolt in the Indian Independence Movement. It was a farmer’s uprising that took place in Champaran district of Bihar, India, during the British colonial period.

Thus Option C is Correct.

Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: The Jorwe culture was a Chalcolithic archaeological culture which existed in large areas of what is now Maharashtra state in Western India, and also reached north into the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh. It is named after the type site of Jorwe.
Statement 2 is correct: Of the 200 jorwe sites discovered so far, the largest is Daimabad in the Godavari valley. It is about 20 hectares in extent which could contain around 4000 people.
Thus, Option C is correct.

Explanation
• Punjab is famed for its traditional embroidery called phulkari flowering work. Using threads in brilliant colours like flaming pinks oranges, mustard yellows and creams, the reverse satin stitch is done on a brick-red khadi cloth. An allover embroidered shawl (dupatta) is called a bagh, literally resembling a garden of flowers.
• Sujni, from Bihar, is a form of quilted embroidery with mainly narrative themes.
• Kantha, embroidery from Bengal, is made of thousands of fine stitches, giving the fabric a puckered quilted look. In Bangladesh and India kantha was used to make quilts and coverlets. Old sarees were folded together and embroidered with coloured threads pulled from saree borders. Now kantha embroiderers make sarees and dupattas for the metro market.
Thus, option A is Correct.

Explanation
Pietra dura is decorating the walls with floral designs made of semi-precious stones.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
Jahangir – Sent Bisan Das to Persia in 1613 on a diplomatic mission
Akbar – Established royal Karkhana for painting
Aurangzeb – was not much interested in art and architecture.
Thus, option B is correct.

Explanation
The system of Dual Government was introduced in Bengal by Robert Clive of British East India Company. It lasted from 1765 to 1772. Under this system, the administration of Bengal was divided into Nizamat and Diwani. The Diwani was carried out by the company and the Nizamat by the Nizam.
Thus, option C is correct.

Explanation
The Swaraj Party or the Congress-Khilafat Swarajya Party was formed on 1 January 1923 by C R Das and Motilal Nehru. The formation of the Swaraj Party came after various significant events like the withdrawal of non-cooperation movement, the government of India act 1919 and 1923 elections.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
Nil Darpan is a Bengali play written by Dinabandhu Mitra in 1858–1859. The play was essential to Nil Vidroha, better known as the Indigo Revolt of February–March 1859 in Bengal, when farmers refused to sow indigo in their fields to protest against exploitative farming under the British rule.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
In India’s pre-independence era, when the Muslims in India demanded fair representation in power-sharing with the British government along with the Hindus in 1906, the British government provided for a separate electorate system for the Muslims in Indian Council Act, 1909.
Thus, option D is correct.

Explanation
• Bhagat Singh and B.K. Dutt threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly on 8 April 1929. They wanted to protest against the passage of the Public Safety Bill, which would have reduced civil liberties. The bomb did not harm anyone for it had been deliberately made harmless.
• As political prisoners they demanded an honourable and decent treatment. During the course of this hunger-strike, Jatin Das, a frail young man, achieved martyrdom after a 63 days epic fast. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were executed on 23 March 1931, despite popular protest.

Thus, Option D is correct.

Explanation
When the temperature is raised, some of the covalent bonds in the semiconductor break due to the thermal energy supplied. The breaking of the bond set those electrons free which are engaged in the formation of these bonds. These free electrons can constitute a tiny electric current if potential difference is applied across the semiconductor. Hence the resistance decreases with the rise in temperature.
Thus, Option A is correct.

Explanation
Bleaching of wood pulp is the chemical processing carried out to decrease the color of the pulp, so that it becomes whiter. Alkaline hydrogen peroxide is the most commonly used bleaching agent for mechanical pulp. It selectively oxidizes non-aromatic conjugated groups responsible for absorbing visible light. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed by transition metals.
Thus, Option B is correct.

Explanation
Light does not change frequency when it’s move one medium to another medium.
Thus, Option A is correct.

Explanation
Commercial nitric acid has a brown colour due to dissolved NO2. The procedure of bubbling dry air through warm commercial nitric acid, is to drive away the dissolved nitrogen dioxide so that the acid becomes colourless.
Thus, Option A is correct.

Explanation
Commercial nitric acid has a brown colour due to dissolved NO2. The procedure of bubbling dry air through warm commercial nitric acid, is to drive away the dissolved nitrogen dioxide so that the acid becomes colourless.
Thus, Option D is correct.

Explanation
● Amensalism: one species is inhibited while the other species is unaffected
● Parasitism: Beneficial to one species (parasite) and harmful to the other species (host).
● Competition: Adversely affects both species
● Mutualism: Interaction is favourable to both species
● Commensalism: One species (the commensal) benefits, while the other species (the host) is neither harmed nor inhibited
● Predation: Predator–prey relationship: one species (predator) benefits while the second species (prey) is harmed and inhibited.
Thus option B is correct.

Explanation
Kerala’s Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan launched the country’s first solar energy driven miniature train. This endeavour is part of a string of projects worth Rs. 60 crore to elevate the facilities at the tourist village to international standards.
Thus option A is correct.

Explanation
Union Minister for Food Processing Industries, Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Rural Development and Panchayati Raj today virtually inaugurated Mega Food Park (MFP) at Phagwara in Kapurthala district of Punjab. Shri Tomar said that Punjab and Haryana have significant role in development of agriculture sector of India.
Thus option B is correct.

Explanation
Punjab and Haryana High Court rules after youth, who was in a live-in relationship with a minor girl who was his relative, files for anticipatory bail. The Punjab and Haryana High Court has stated that marriage between first cousins is illegal.
Thus option D is correct.

Explanation
Damon Galgut has won the Booker Prize for The Promise.
Thus option C is correct.

Explanation
Sweden assumed the role of chair of the International Labour Organisation’s governing body for the period of 2021-2022. It succeded India. Ambassador Anna Jardfelt Melvin of Sweden was elected as Chairperson and Renate Hornung-Draus of Germany as Employer Vice-Chairperson.
Thus option A is correct.

Explanation
The Indian region is composed of two realms. They are:
1. The Himalayan region represented by Palearctic Realm and
2. The rest of the sub-continent represented by Malayan Realm.
Thus Option D is Correct.

Explanation
Kutch district of Gujarat is the largest district of India
Thus Option C is Correct.

Explanation
The valley refers to the land that sits between steep mountains that buffet the Galwan River. The river has its source in Aksai Chin, on China’s side of the LAC, and it flows from the east to Ladakh, where it meets the Shyok river on India’s side of the LAC.
Thus Option B is Correct.

Explanation
According to the population estimation of tigers in reserves for 2018-19, Corbett has 231 tigers followed by Nagarhole and Bandipore reserves in Karnataka with 127 and 126 tigers respectively.
Assam’s Kaziranga and Madhya Pradesh’s Bandhavgarh recorded 104 tigers each, the report said.
Thus Option B is Correct.

Explanation
The Faroe Islands have been a self-governing part of the Kingdom of Denmark since 1948, controlling most areas apart from military defence, policing, justice, currency, and foreign affairs.
Thus Option C is Correct.

Explanation

Legumes are high in protein and fiber.

Thus Option B is Correct.

Explanation

Caused by a viral infection, Chikungunya is among some of the commonly occurring diseases during the monsoon season. This disease is caused in humans when the mosquitos carrying the Chikungunya virus bite them. The Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitos are the ones which carry the virus.

Thus Option D is Correct.