An Indonesia Football match turns deadly due to stampede

• 125 The death toll from a stampede caused by a chaotic run for exits after police fired tear gas at an Indonesian soccer match to drive away fans upset with their team’s loss.
• Violence broke out after the game ended Saturday with host Arema FC of East Java’s Malang city losing to Persebaya of Surabaya.
• Most of those who died were trampled upon or suffocated.

Location of Indonesia

• Indonesia, country located off the coast of mainland Southeast Asia in the Indian and Pacific oceans.
• It is an archipelago that lies across the Equator and spans a distance equivalent to one-eighth of Earth’s circumference
• The capital of the Republic of Indonesia is Jakarta

Leaks were reported in the Nord Stream pipeline

• four leaks were reported at different points in the Nord Stream pipelines, linking Russia and Europe, since September 26.
• Two of the leaks were in Swedish waters while the other two were reported from Danish waters.
• The European Union said they suspected “sabotage” behind the leaks while the Russian Foreign Ministry said that the ruptures to the pipelines took place in territory that was “fully under the control” of U.S. intelligence agencies.

About Nord Stream pipelines

• The $7.1 (€7.4) billion Nord Stream 1 subsea pipeline has been operational since 2011, and is the largest single supply route for Russian gas to Europe.
• The Russian state owned gas company Gazprom has a majority ownership in the pipeline, and while it was running at just 20% of its capacity since the Russia Ukraine conflict began
• The company, in early September fully cut gas flows from the pipeline on the pretext of maintenance.
• According to Bloomberg, while 40% of Europe’s pipeline gas came from Russia before the war, the number now stands at just 9%.
• The construction of the $11 billion worth Nord Stream 2 was completed in 2021 but never began commercial operations.
• Even though both pipelines were not running commercially, they had millions of cubic metres of gas stored in them.

Telangana gets first rank in Swachh Survekshan Gramin, 2022 award

• Telangana was ranked first for the cleanliness of its villages in the Swachh Survekshan Gramin (SSG), 2022, which looked into the sanitation status of rural areas.
• After Telangana, Haryana was placed second followed by Tamil Nadu in the Large States category.
• The Swachh Survekshan Gramin, 2022 award ranks States and districts on the basis of their performance attained on Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin (SBMG) parameters and engagement of the rural community in improvement of their sanitation status.
• Among smaller States and Union Territories, Andaman and Nicobar secured the first position, followed by Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu and Sikkim.
• Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin is a movement to bring in behavioural change in our populace. The use of toilets, the habit of washing hands with soap and having water supply through taps acted as a shield for the country during the pandemic,

Mallikarjun Kharge resigned from his position of Opposition leader in Rajya Sabha

• Congress leader Mallikarjun Kharge resigned from the position of Leader of Opposition in the Rajya Sabha.
• He filed his nomination for the upcoming AICC president election.
• He tendered his resignation under the Udaipur declaration ‘One Leader, One Post’.

About Leader of Opposition (LOP)

• The LOP is leader of the largest party that has not less than one-tenth of the total strength of the house.
• It is a statutory post defined in the Salaries and Allowances of Leaders of Opposition in Parliament Act, 1977.

Significance of the office of LOP

• LoP is referred to as the ‘shadow Prime Minister’.
• She/he is expected to be ready to take over if the government falls.
• The LoP also plays an important role in bringing cohesiveness and effectiveness to the opposition’s functioning in policy and legislative work.
• LoP plays a crucial role in bringing bipartisanship and neutrality to the appointments in institutions of accountability and transparency – CVC, CBI, CIC, Lokpal etc.

World Bank will give $530 million as additional aid to Ukraine amid the ongoing crisis in the country.

Location of Ukraine

• It is located in Eastern Europe: lying on the northern shores of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.
• The country borders Poland, Slovakia and Hungary in the west, Belarus in the north, Moldova and Romania in the south-west and Russia in the east.
• Kyiv is its capital.

About World Bank Group

The World Bank Group is an international partnership comprising 189 countries and five constituent institutions that works towards eradicating poverty and creating prosperity.

The five development institutions under the World Bank Group are:

1. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
2. International Development Association (IDA)
3. International Finance Corporation (IFC)
4. Multilateral Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
5. International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)

The World Bank is the collective name for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and International Development Association (IDA)

World Bank Group Membership

• To join the World Bank Group, a country must first become a member of the IMF.
• To become members of the IDA, IFC, and MIGA, the countries must first become members of IBRD.
• Membership of the ICSID is subject to all the following conditions:

• • IBRD membership
  • Party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)
  • Invitation of the ICSID Administrative Council by a vote of two-thirds of its members

Jio to launch 5G services all over India by December 2023

About 5G Technology:

• 5G is the 5^thgeneration mobile network. It is a new global wireless standard after 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G networks.
• It enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices.
• Internet speeds in the high-band spectrum of 5G has been tested to be as high as 20 Gbps (gigabits per second),while, in most cases, the maximum internet data speed in 4G has been recorded at 1 Gbps.

Evolution from First Generation to Fifth Generation

• 1G was launched in the 1980s and worked on analog radio signals and supported only voice calls.
• 2G was launched in the 1990s which uses digital radio signals and supports both voice and data transmission with a bandwidth of 64 Kbps.
• 3G was launched in the 2000s with a speed of 1 Mbps to 2 Mbps and it has the ability to transmit telephone signals including digitised voice, video calls and conferencing.
• 4G was launched in 2009 with a peak speed of 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps and it also enables 3D virtual reality.

Haryana to build world largest safari park

• Haryana will develop the largest jungle safari park outside Africa, the state government said on September 29.
• The 10,000-acre curated safari park will come up in the Aravalli range and cover parts of Gurugram and Nuh districts

68^th National Film Awards

• 68th National Film Awards were held at New Delhi’s Vigyan Bhawan
• Soorarai Pottru won Best Screenplay and Best Background Score and Best Feature Film.
• Suriya and Ajay Devgn shared the Best Actor Awards for Soorarai Pottru and Tanhaji: The Unsung Warrior, respectively
• Aparna Balamurali won Best Actress for Soorarai Pottru

 Ram Charan appointed as the new Brand ambassador of Hero MotoCorp

 Shashi Tharoor is writing a biography of BR Ambedakar named ‘Ambedakar : a Life”

 India wins 2nd T20I against South Africa on 2nd October in Guwahati

• India posted a massive 237 for three
• India defeated South Africa by 16 runs
• David Miller scored highest 106 not out
• KL Rahul got Man of the Match award
• India lead the series of 3 match by 2-0